TY - JOUR
T1 - Visualization of tumors and metastases in live animals with bacteria and vaccinia virus encoding light-emitting proteins
AU - Yu, Yong A.
AU - Shabahang, Shahrokh
AU - Timiryasova, Tatyana M.
AU - Zhang, Qian
AU - Beltz, Richard
AU - Gentschev, Ivaylo
AU - Goebel, Werner
AU - Wuerzburg, University
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank M. Lilly for generating mice with bladder tumors, I. Fodor for help with prostate tumor mice and for access to the rVV-RUC-GFP virus, D. Gridley for developing intracranial glioma tumors, D. deLeon and J. Tian for mice with MCF-7 implants and K. Oberg for access to the stereo fluorescence microscope. We would like to acknowledge the help and scientific criticisms of C. Slattery and F. Grummt during the preparation of this manuscript. Y.A.Y. was a recipient of a graduate fellowship from LLU. The research was supported in part by LLU, by Genelux, by an SFB travel award to A.A.S., by the research prize
Funding Information:
from A.V. Humboldt Foundation, Germany, awarded to A.A.S., and by an SFB award to W.G.
PY - 2004/3
Y1 - 2004/3
N2 - We have shown that bacteria injected intravenously into live animals entered and replicated in solid tumors and metastases. The tumor-specific amplification process was visualized in real time using luciferase-catalyzed luminescence and green fluorescent protein fluorescence, which revealed the locations of the tumors and metastases. Escherichia coli and three attenuated pathogens (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes) all entered tumors and replicated. Similarly, the cytosolic vaccinia virus also showed tumor-specific replication, as visualized by real-time imaging. These findings indicate that neither auxotrophic mutations, nor vaccinia virus deficient for the thymidine kinase gene, nor anaerobic growth conditions were required for tumor specificity and intratumoral replication. We observed localization of tumors by light-emitting microorganisms in immunocompetent and in immunocompromised rodents with syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. Based on their 'tumor-finding' nature, bacteria and viruses may be designed to carry multiple genes for detection and treatment of cancer.
AB - We have shown that bacteria injected intravenously into live animals entered and replicated in solid tumors and metastases. The tumor-specific amplification process was visualized in real time using luciferase-catalyzed luminescence and green fluorescent protein fluorescence, which revealed the locations of the tumors and metastases. Escherichia coli and three attenuated pathogens (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes) all entered tumors and replicated. Similarly, the cytosolic vaccinia virus also showed tumor-specific replication, as visualized by real-time imaging. These findings indicate that neither auxotrophic mutations, nor vaccinia virus deficient for the thymidine kinase gene, nor anaerobic growth conditions were required for tumor specificity and intratumoral replication. We observed localization of tumors by light-emitting microorganisms in immunocompetent and in immunocompromised rodents with syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. Based on their 'tumor-finding' nature, bacteria and viruses may be designed to carry multiple genes for detection and treatment of cancer.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/1542336958
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/1542336958#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1038/nbt937
DO - 10.1038/nbt937
M3 - Article
C2 - 14990953
SN - 1087-0156
VL - 22
SP - 313
EP - 320
JO - Nature Biotechnology
JF - Nature Biotechnology
IS - 3
ER -