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Evaluating Visual Discomfort Among Robotic Urologic Surgeons: Insights from A Survey on Eye Strain and Accommodative Lag

  • Kristene Myklak
  • , Narmina Khanmammadova
  • , Kourosh Shahraki
  • , Dat Tien Nguyen
  • , Timothy Chu
  • , Ralph Gomez
  • , Ashley Gao
  • , Tuan Thanh Nguyen
  • , Mohammed Shahait
  • , Donny W. Suh
  • , David I. Lee

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)468-473
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Endourology
Volume40
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 1 2026
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • Urology

Keywords

  • asthenopia
  • eye fatigue
  • robotic-assisted surgery
  • visual ergonomics

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